PCOS Myths and Facts: Debunking Common Misconceptions

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects millions, yet many misconceptions still surround this condition. Here are some common myths about PCOS and the facts to help you better understand how it affects the body.

Myth 1: PCOS always causes cysts on the ovaries

While "polycystic" suggests the presence of cysts, not everyone with PCOS has ovarian cysts. “The term refers to the appearance of the ovaries, which may be enlarged and contain tiny, fluid-filled sacs called follicles,” said Nathan Fairbourn, D.O., a physician at Inspira Medical Group Obstetrics and Gynecology. “However, the presence of cysts is not a definitive factor for diagnosing PCOS, and some individuals with PCOS might not have any cysts.”

Myth 2: PCOS only affects fertility

PCOS is often associated with fertility challenges, but its effects extend far beyond reproduction. This condition is linked to a range of other health issues, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and even an increased risk for certain cancers. Managing PCOS isn’t just about fertility—it's also about your overall health and well-being.

Myth 3: PCOS always causes irregular periods

Irregular menstrual cycles are a common symptom of PCOS, but they are not the only indicator. “Some people with PCOS have regular periods but may experience other symptoms like excess androgen levels, which can lead to acne, hair loss and excess body or facial hair,” said Dr. Fairbourn. “PCOS can present differently in each person, making it essential to consider a variety of symptoms and diagnostic criteria.”

Myth 4: PCOS is caused by poor lifestyle choices

While lifestyle factors like nutrition and exercise can influence the severity of PCOS symptoms, they are not the root cause of the condition. PCOS is a complex hormonal disorder with no single cause, though genetics, insulin resistance and inflammation may play significant roles. 

Myth 5: Weight loss will cure PCOS

Weight management can help alleviate some symptoms of PCOS, especially for those who are insulin-resistant. However, losing weight does not cure PCOS. The condition is chronic and requires ongoing management, which may include lifestyle changes, medication and other treatments tailored to the patient’s needs.

Myth 6: Birth control pills are the only treatment for PCOS

While birth control pills often get prescribed to manage symptoms like irregular periods and excess androgen levels, they are not the only treatment option. “Depending on individual symptoms and goals, treatment for PCOS might include lifestyle modifications, insulin-sensitizing medications like metformin, androgen-blocking therapies or fertility treatments,” said Dr. Fairbourn. The best treatment plan is one that is personalized and addresses the unique needs of the individual.

Myth 7: PCOS only affects those who want to get pregnant

PCOS can affect you—regardless of your plans for pregnancy. While fertility is a concern for many, others might seek treatment for symptoms like acne, hair loss or metabolic issues. Understanding and managing PCOS is vital for your long-term health, whether or not you’re planning to conceive.

An OB/GYN specialist can support your PCOS journey

Living with PCOS can be challenging, but know that you’re not alone. By debunking these common myths, we hope to empower you with accurate information to manage your health effectively. Talk to your doctor if you think you might have PCOS or are struggling with symptoms. With professional support from an OB/GYN specialist, managing PCOS is possible.

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